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Excessive social media use has long been associated with negative psychological effects. Now, the rise of agentic AI–AI-powered companions in particular—introduces a new set of risks for tech-savvy users.
“As AI capabilities advance,” according to a recently published research paper, “we face a new challenge: the emergence of deeper, more persistent relationships between humans and AI systems.” The study suggests that these bonds could surpass the addictive quality of traditional social media platforms.
AI companions and the risk of addiction
Similar to modern AI agents and theory of mind (ToM) agents, AI companions are designed to mimic human thought patterns, personalities, and behaviors. Given their level of realism, accessibility, and availability, researchers suggest that these next-gen chatbots are even more addictive—and more dangerous—than social media.
Considering that up to 10% of Americans could already be addicted to social media, lawmakers and concerned citizens alike want to get ahead of AI companions before they become a major problem. For some, unfortunately, it’s already too late.
Megan Garcia’s teenage son died by suicide after an extended relationship with an AI chatbot. She blames the platform Character.AI for playing a role in her son’s death. Garcia has filed a lawsuit against the company and is advocating for regulatory reform.
Legislative solutions are being proposed
Garcia has partnered with California Senator Steve Padilla to introduce a new bill aimed specifically at AI companions. The bill would require developers to introduce more safeguards to their generative AI tools in the future. Similar bills would prohibit AI companion use among individuals under the age of 16 and hold AI developers responsible for any harm caused by their companions, chatbots, and large language models (LLMs).
Recovering from AI addiction
Becoming aware of an AI addiction is the first step in overcoming it. Similar to drugs or alcohol, AI addiction is often indicated by an inability or unwillingness to stop, an ever-increasing need to use AI, and difficulty maintaining personal relationships. Some users have even experienced withdrawals after limiting access to AI tools.
The problem isn’t confined to AI companions and chatbots. Users can become addicted to all types of AI models and apps. From recommendation engines to creative assistants, many forms of AI can foster unhealthy attachment, even among those who recognize the tools as non-human.